The assembly of amitriptyline hydrochloride + triton X-45 (non-ionic surfactant) mixtures: Effects of simple salt and urea

Abstract

In this work, the surface and micellization behavior of amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMT) and a triton X-45 (TX-45) surfactant were studied in detail by surface tension measurement in the presence of simple salt NaCl and urea at 298.15 K. The mixtures of amphiphiles were analyzed by varying their compositions. The critical micelle concentration (cmc and cmc*), activity coefficients, interaction parameters, minimum area per molecule, interfacial adsorption, packing parameter (P), and various thermodynamic parameters for AMT + TX-45 mixtures with and without NaCl and urea at 298.15 K have been determined. Clint’s, Rubingh’s, and Maeda’s models were used to analyze the results. The findings indicate attractive interactions in the AMT and non-ionic TX-45 mixture and suggest effective participation of the TX-45 when mixtures are employed in the absence and presence of additives. The average micellar composition of surfactant (X1Ru), along with mixed monolayer composition of TX-45 (X1σ) value, in every solvent used contained over 70% TX-45, demonstrating that mixed mixed micelles and mixed monolayers contain much more TX-45 than AMT. In general, NaCl enhanced the micellization and surface activity, whereas urea lessened the activity of the studied system. UV–visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were also used to extract information on the interaction of AMT and TX-45 in aqueous solution. The current study aims to use TX-45 as an efficacious drug delivery vehicle for antidepressant drugs.