Abstract
The cultural and creative industries (e.g., digital/audiovisual content, publishing and print media, etc.) constitute an emerging business sector focused on aligning cultural and creative production with profitability and market criteria that encompasses a diverse range of entities, generates employment, boosts GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and drives innovation. This paper analyses the impact of the cultural and creative industries on the economy of the Basque Country and provides information concerning the number of companies present in this sector, their legal structures, annual turnovers, size in terms of the number of people they employ and relative ability to secure public funding for entrepreneurial support and creative projects. Our findings indicate that businesses of this nature in the Basque Country form an ecosystem similar to an archipelago in which companies with a strong entrepreneurial focus, high annual turnovers and a national and international clientele coexist alongside smaller, less profit-oriented organisations devoted to regional cultural development.
Highlights
The interchangeable use of the terms culture and creativity (Cunningham 2002) to refer to a wide range of entities and activities that may or may not be commercially oriented or carried out within business frameworks has generated a vigorous debate among sector players and researchers working in the area of culture and creativity (Galloway and Dunlop 2007; Hesmondhalgh 2008; Bustamante 2009; O’Connor 2010).While much of the creative and cultural work being done today clearly does not respond to market pressures or criteria, a significant amount is being produced in structured corporate environments (Howkins 2007)
On the other hand, we focus on the relevance of these enterprises rather than their total number, If, on the other hand, we focus on the relevance of these enterprises rather than their total we can refine our portrait of the Basque cultural and creative industries by identifying those that figure number, we can refine our portrait of the Basque cultural and creative industries by identifying among the companies with the greatest impact on the Basque economy
This study provides tangible evidence of the impact cultural and creative industry activities have on the Basque economy and employment market, and confirms their ability to create
Summary
The interchangeable use of the terms culture and creativity (Cunningham 2002) to refer to a wide range of entities and activities that may or may not be commercially oriented or carried out within business frameworks has generated a vigorous debate among sector players and researchers working in the area of culture and creativity (Galloway and Dunlop 2007; Hesmondhalgh 2008; Bustamante 2009; O’Connor 2010).While much of the creative and cultural work being done today clearly does not respond to market pressures or criteria, a significant amount is being produced in structured corporate environments (Howkins 2007). The interchangeable use of the terms culture and creativity (Cunningham 2002) to refer to a wide range of entities and activities that may or may not be commercially oriented or carried out within business frameworks has generated a vigorous debate among sector players and researchers working in the area of culture and creativity (Galloway and Dunlop 2007; Hesmondhalgh 2008; Bustamante 2009; O’Connor 2010). Many reject the idea of considering culture from an economic perspective, as numerous international organisations are quick to point out, commercially oriented cultural and creative ventures generate economic value Viewed from a broader perspective, cultural and creative industries contribute to economic growth and generate new employment opportunities (Higgs et al 2008; Power 2011)
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