Abstract
Geomatics is the discipline of electronically gathering, storing, processing, and delivering spatially related digital information; it continues to be one of the fastest expanding global markets, driven by technology. The British Geological Survey (BGS) geomatics capabilities have been utilized in a variety of scientific studies such as the monitoring of actively growing volcanic lava domes and rapidly retreating glaciers; coastal erosion and platform evolution; inland and coastal landslide modelling; mapping of geological structures and fault boundaries; rock stability and subsidence feature analysis, and geo-conservation. In 2000, the BGS became the first organization outside the mining industry to use Terrestrial LiDAR Scanning (TLS) as a tool for measuring change; paired with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), BGS were able to measure, monitor, and model geomorphological features of landslides in the United Kingdom (UK) digitally. Many technologies are used by the BGS to monitor the earth, employed on satellites, airplanes, drones, and ground-based equipment, in both research and commercial settings to carry out mapping, monitoring, and modelling of earth surfaces and processes. Outside BGS, these technologies are used for close-range, high-accuracy applications such as bridge and dam monitoring, crime and accident scene analysis, forest canopy and biomass measurements and military applications.
Highlights
Geomatics is defined in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/TC211) series of standards [1] as the discipline concerned with the collection, distribution, storage, analysis, processing, and presentation of geographic data or geographic information.This broad term applies to both science and technology, and integrates the more specific disciplines and technologies of geodesy, surveying, mapping, positioning, navigation, cartography, remote sensing, photogrammetry, and geographic information systems
The developments in, and applications of, terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) at British Geological Survey (BGS) in the last two decades have demonstrated the wide capability of this and related techniques in the field; some examples of which have been described in this paper
Advances in technology have meant that the applications of terrestrial LiDAR in the field of engineering geology have expanded dramatically over this time period
Summary
Geomatics is defined in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/TC. 211) series of standards [1] as the discipline concerned with the collection, distribution, storage, analysis, processing, and presentation of geographic data or geographic information. The BGS geomatics capabilities have been utilized in a variety of scientific studies [4] Such as the monitoring of actively growing volcanic lava domes and rapidly retreating glaciers; coastal erosion and platform evolution; inland and coastal landslide modelling; mapping of geological structures and fault boundaries; rock stability and subsidence feature analysis; geo-conservation and public understanding of science [5]. These capabilities can be utilized alongside airborne LiDAR and other remote sensing techniques in order to provide a range of complimentary applications, or information [6]. Outside the BGS, ground-based LiDAR systems are used for close-range, high-accuracy applications such as bridge and dam monitoring [7], architectural restoration, crime and accident scene analysis [8], landslide and erosion mapping, forest canopy and biomass measurements [9], mobile mapping systems, adaptive cruise control systems, manufacturing, and military applications [10]
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