Abstract

Airway stenosis is a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). A tissue-engineered trachea is a new therapeutic method and a research hotspot. Successful vascularization is the key to the application of a tissue-engineered trachea. However, successful vascularization studies lack a complete description. In this study, it was assumed that rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained and induced by ascorbic acid to detect the tissue structure, ultrastructure, and gene expression of the extracellular matrix. A vascular endothelial cell culture medium was added in vitro to induce the vascularization of the stem cell sheet (SCS), and the immunohistochemistry and gene expression of vascular endothelial cell markers were detected. At the same time, vascular growth-related factors were added and detected during SCS construction. After the SCS and decellularized tracheal (DT) were constructed, a tetrandrine allograft was performed to observe its vascularization potential. We established the architecture and identified rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell membranes by 14 days of ascorbic acid, studied the role of a vascularized membrane in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by in vitro ascorbic acid, and assessed the role of combining the stem cell membranes and noncellular tracheal scaffolds in vivo. Fourteen experiments confirmed that cell membranes promote angiogenesis at gene level. The results of 21-day in vitro experiments showed that the composite tissue-engineered trachea had strong angiogenesis. In vivo experiments show that a composite tissue-engineered trachea has strong potential for angiogenesis. It promotes the understanding of diseases of airway stenosis and tissue-engineered tracheal regeneration in newborns and small infants.

Highlights

  • Tracheal stenosis (TS) refers to the stenosis narrowing of the tracheal lumen caused by various factors, which are divided into congenital and acquired [1, 2]

  • A tissue-engineered trachea was generated from a cell sheet formed under the induction of ascorbic acid as well as a decellularized trachea

  • It was verified that the cell sheet can promote vascularization at the gene level

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Summary

Introduction

Tracheal stenosis (TS) refers to the stenosis narrowing of the tracheal lumen caused by various factors, which are divided into congenital and acquired [1, 2]. Often caused by the fusion of the tracheal cartilage ring and a tracheal membrane defect, severe congenital TS is one of an important cause of death in infants, especially neonates. Long-term airway stenosis in infants [2] would bring serious respiratory distress, repeated hospitalization, endotracheal intubation, ventilator support, and respiratory tract infection. The main treatment of congenital TS is by surgery [3]. Stem Cells International the development of surgical technology, sliding tracheoplasty is an effective treatment for patients with long-term severe tracheal stenosis. There are still difficulties in surgery and some problems in operation difficulty, respiratory strategy, and postoperative nursing [5]

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