The apoptotic body membrane derived from T lymphocytes is used as an enzyme carrier to treat ischemic stroke

Abstract

Stroke is a high-morbidity central nervous system disease. Its complex pathological process often leads to impaired consciousness, disability and even death. Currently, stroke is treated mainly by thrombolysis, and treatment for its complications, and treatment for pathological processes within the stroke lesion is lacking. This is mainly because most drugs are unable to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the site of injury to exert their therapeutic effects. Therefore, this study aims to develop biomimetic nanocladding devices capable of crossing the BBB, targeting the site of injury, and blocking the pathological process. Since the injury site is a highly inflammatory area, we selected the apoptotic body membrane (ABm) of activated T cells with inflammatory targeting ability to prepare biomimetic nanocladding devices (BND) and use them as the carriers to carry catalase (CAT) (BND-CAT) for the treatment of stroke rats. The results show that BND can not only target inflammatory lesions, but also regulate the transformation of microglia subtypes, thereby inhibiting inflammation within the lesions. In addition, BND-CAT could also inhibit oxidative stress, protect the mitochondria, increase the ATP content in the lesion, suppress the endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ultimately inhibit the apoptosis of neurons in the lesion.