Abstract
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas comprise the most common hematological cancers worldwide and consist of a heterogenous group of malignancies affecting the lymphoid system. Treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been significantly enhanced with the addition of Rituximab to the standard chemotherapy regimen. However, even with the advancement of treatment patients continue to relapse and develop resistance to Rituximab, rendering subsequent treatments unsuccessful. The use of novel drugs with unique antitumor mechanisms has gained considerable attention. In this study, we explored the in vitro anti-cancer effects of the combined therapy of Rituximab and Nisin on human Burkitt's lymphoma cells. The human Burkitt's lymphoma cells lines, Raji and Daudi, were treated with Nisin, Rituximab, or a combination of the two agents at various concentrations. Cytotoxicity following treatment was determined using cell viability assay. The degree of apoptosis was verified via flow cytometric analysis using FITC annexin V/PI staining. Our findings show that the combined treatment of Rituximab and Nisin results in a more significant reduction in the survival of Raji and Daudi Burkitt's lymphoma cells, compared to Nisin or Rituximab treatment alone. Additionally, our results indicate that Nisin can induce a significant degree of apoptosis in the Burkitt's lymphoma cells compared to the negative controls. However, the addition of Nisin to the Rituximab treatment synergistically enhances the apoptotic antitumor effect. This study demonstrates the synergistic antitumor effect of Nisin treatment in vitro to enhance tumor cell apoptosis and the potential value of Nisin as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of lymphoma.
Highlights
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) are one of the most common malignancies worldwide and include a heterogenous group of diseases that arise from malignant lymphocytes
These findings indicate that the addition of Nisin to Rituximab treatment can enhance the degree at which cell viability is reduced (Fig. 1C)
We provide novel evidence that Nisin can potentiate the cytotoxic effects of Rituximab and lead to a significant increase in the level of apoptosis in human Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines
Summary
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) are one of the most common malignancies worldwide and include a heterogenous group of diseases that arise from malignant lymphocytes. Treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma has been significantly enhanced with the addition of Rituximab to the standard chemotherapy regimen. We explored the in vitro anti-cancer effects of the combined therapy of Rituximab and Nisin on human Burkitt’s lymphoma cells. Results: Our findings show that the combined treatment of Rituximab and Nisin results in a more significant reduction in the survival of Raji and Daudi Burkitt’s lymphoma cells, compared to Nisin or Rituximab treatment alone. The addition of Nisin to the Rituximab treatment synergistically enhances the apoptotic antitumor effect. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the synergistic antitumor effect of Nisin treatment in vitro to enhance tumor cell apoptosis and the potential value of Nisin as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of lymphoma
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