The Antihypertension Effect of Fermented Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L.)/Bakasang’s Peptide Extract Based on Cardiac’s Histopathology and Protease Activity on Hypertensive Rats Induced by Deoxycorticosterone Acetate (DOCA) -Salt

Abstract

Hypertension is an abnormality of cardiovascular condition, marked by high-blood pressure over the normal condition. One of the factors that causes hypertension is altered equilibrium of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron system (RAAS). This condition, which commonly by genetic could causes excess production of Angiotensin II, which known as vasoconstrictor, carried out by Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II could increases the body’s blood pressure, and stimulates the production of free radicals, causing hypertension and oxidative stress. One of the common medication for hypertensive patient are using ACE inhibitor pills. Consumption of commercial pills, had a negative effect on the patient, such as skin iritation, cough, allergic reaction, etc. This study was conducted to explore the potential peptide of bakasang extract isolated from fermented skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) for antihypertensive therapy, based on the activity of protease and histopathology of cardiac tissue on hypertensive rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by DOCA-salt. The rats were divided into five groups: (1) negative control group, (2) hypertensive control group, (3) hypertension with captopril therapy dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight (BW), (4) and (5) hypertension with bakasang’s peptide extract therapy dose of 200 mg/kgBW, and 300 mg/kgBW, respectively. The results showed that bakasang’s peptide extract dose of 200 mg/kgBW significantly (p less than 0.05) decrease protease activity and improve histopathology of cardiac tissue on hypertensive rats. Protease activity post-therapy decreased to be 39.27 % from positive hypertension group. It could be concluded that the peptide of bakasang’s peptide extract has antihypertension effect (ACE-inhibitors), which was able to improve histopathology and decrease protease activity of the cardiac tissue on hypertensive rats induced by DOCA-salt.