The Antibacterial Properties of Composite Resin Containing Nanosilver against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus

Abstract

The aim was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of composite resin containing nanosilver against Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (L). Nanosilver was added to Z250 composite at 0.5 and 1% by weight. In order to confirm the homogenous distribution of the nanoparticles in the composite resin, SEM-EDX analysis was performed on one sample in each group. Z250 composite without nanosilver was used as control. Direct contact test was used to test the antibacterial properties of nanoparticle-loaded composites: 0.001 ml of 0.5 Mc Farland suspension of MS and L was placed on composite disks, and incubated for 1 hour in 5 to 10% CO2 incubator at 37°C. Samples were placed in 0.5 ml of sterile BHI broth and incubated for 2 hours in CO2 incubator. Afterwards, 0.001 ml liquid from each medium was distributed on blood agar plates and incubated for 48 hours in CO2 incubator. The numbers of bacterial colonies were counted visually. Data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. Significance level was set at 0.05. Addition of nanosilver to composite resin had a significant effect on reduction of the number of SM and L colonies (p = 0.000). The antibacterial properties of composite resins are different depending on the concentration of nanosilver (p = 0.014). Tukey test indicated that increase in the concentration of nanosilver caused the increase in antibacterial properties of composite resin. Addition of silver nanoparticles to Z250 composite could significantly inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus on the surface of this composite. The addition of nanosilver to Z250 composite could inhibit the growth of SM and L on the surface of the restoration and therefore prevent the occurrence of secondary caries.