Abstract
Yarn samples from the Saltzman Collection of Peruvian dyes were characterized by several different analytical techniques: high performance liquid chromatography with both diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and electrospray ionisation with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Q-ToF), direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry and paper spray mass spectrometry. This report serves primarily as a database of chemical information about the colorants in these dye materials for those studying ancient South American textiles and their colorants. We also provide a comparison of the results obtained by currently widespread HPLC techniques with those of two different ambient ionisation direct mass spectrometry methods to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches.
Highlights
Max Saltzman began his career in industrial color chemistry after the Second World War
We present here the results of using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-mass spectrometry (MS)) and paper spray MS for identifying the colorants in a selection of the Peruvian dye samples from the Saltzman Collection, along with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detector (DAD) and HPLC-electrospray ionisation (ESI)-Q-ToF analyses for comparison and validation of the results
The data acquired by ambient ionisation mass spectrometry, paper spray ionisation MS and HPLC-DAD or MS for the Saltzman Collection provide the beginnings of a database of South American dye colorants that can be used in the future to study the dyes present in archaeological textiles from regions of that continent
Summary
Max Saltzman began his career in industrial color chemistry after the Second World War. From the 1960s, he consulted with museums and researchers to identify colorants in ancient textiles with the methods of the time, primarily solution ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy. From the 1960s, he consulted with museums and researchers to identify colorants in ancient textiles with the methods of the time, primarily solution ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy Following his retirement from the Allied Chemical Corporation in the early 1970s, he set up the Laboratory for Historical Colorants within the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of California, Los Angeles. The notebook records the recipes used for the dye preparations and some indications of the mordanting processes, as well as information about where the botanical materials were collected in Peru and later archived. The materials archived from Saltzman’s studies, including the Collection studied here, have provided reference materials for researchers around the world
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