The Analysis of Influence of River Floods on Biotic Components of Floodplain Ecosystems with the Help of MATLAB Simulation

Abstract

The Ob River occupies a central place in Western Siberia. Its basin comprises all spatial and dynamic variability typical for Western Siberian ecosystems. The river floodplains are the most dynamic parts and in the same time host most of the human activities. However, at present spatial planning of economic activities in the floodplain areas cannot be based on water regime and geomorphologic processes, because relevant inventory of relief and hydrological monitoring data are hardly accessible. Moreover, for nature conservation, in terms of planning, area selection and management, and data of biodiversity of floodplain ecosystems are missing. This research intends to fill these gaps in knowledge. In addition factual relations between ecosystem productivity of different floodplain units and hydrological regime need to be studied. There to a hydro-ecological monitoring scheme for analyses of the Ob-Irtysh floodplain of the region Middle Ob will be set up. The research will be based on the already developed hydro-ecological zone maps and hydrological data of hydro-meteorological stations (river stages dynamics) representative for different river floodplain sections. The monitoring results of a period of more 50 years stage observations flood hydrographs have been plotted and frequencies and duration of floods and relations with geomorphologic characteristics of floodplain relief and flood depths been calculated. These data may need to be evaluated more thoroughly and thereafter compared with ecosystem productivity data, which will be gathered within the scope of this project. The bird population is considered as the most sensitive element of the ecosystem. Birds are an important component of ecosystems. They function as the consumers of the first and second orders in the trophic chain of an ecosystem. The main factor determining the annual dynamics of the bird population in the West Siberia is migration. In autumn the majority of bird population leaves for south, in spring they come back, and the time of return coincides with the period of spring high water in the Ob. This period also coincides with the breeding stage. The floodplain of the Ob attracts birds in the first place. It is related to the warming action of the waters that the river brings from south to north and to the more productive and diverse habitat conditions than in the interfluve territory. The Ob valley serves as a kind of air channel, along which the majority of birds moves. The years