Abstract
The article presents the results of testing physical and strength properties of concrete with the addition of lightweight perlite in the amount of 10 and 20%. The additive was introduced by volume substituting a part of the sand. In addition, the effect of using siloxane admixtures and a vinyl acetate copolymer with different degree of dosing, as well as applied simultaneously, were analysed. The tests were carried out in the field of bulk density and proper density, determination of tightness and porosity, compressive strength and tensile strength after 28 days of maturation. In terms of durability of concrete, absorption and resistance of concretes to the freeze-up effects after 100 freezing and thawing cycles were tested. The results of the study were subjected to statistical analysis using the analysis of variance. The analysed factors of influence were the amount of perlite addition, as well as the type and amount of the added admixture
Highlights
Nowadays, following the trend of energy-efficient construction, building lightweight concretes undergo modifications to achieve greater thermal insulation in order to reduce the heat emission from the building, and decrease the weight of the structure [1,2]
It was found that replacing sand with lightweight aggregates decreased the density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity of materials [1,2,3, 6, 12]
Compressive strength tests for concrete were carried out in accordance with PN-EN 12390-3 standard [21], and tensile strength was tested according to PN-EN 12390-6 standard [22], in both cases after 28 days of maturation
Summary
Nowadays, following the trend of energy-efficient construction, building lightweight concretes undergo modifications to achieve greater thermal insulation in order to reduce the heat emission from the building, and decrease the weight of the structure [1,2]. [13] reports that when lightweight materials are used as concrete aggregates, they may not be very durable when subjected to freezing and thawing or abrasion. The resistance of lightweight concrete to the freezing-thawing phenomenon depends on the degree of saturation with water, layout of pores in hardened cement paste, and the type of aggregate used. The mixtures between perlite and cement/sand/admixture, the change of their microstructure, are an important topic which needs to be developed and studied concerning the strength, wettability and durability of concrete. In order to clarify and confirm whether the additives and admixtures used have a significant impact on the tested concrete properties, the results of the study were subjected to a detailed statistical analysis. Microscopic image analysis was used to assess the changes in the concrete microstructure
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