Abstract
The problem of the ecological state of the microclimate of the modern metropolis and surrounding areas is becoming more and more urgent every year due to the increasing anthropogenic impact. This is why it is necessary to conduct a systematic assessment of the state of green spaces in order to design a set of measures to improve their sustainability, preserve biological diversity and improve the environment. The study of tree planting was carried out in an instrumental and visual way. The assessment of natural renewal was carried out on a differentiated scale of the state and quality of natural renewal under the canopy of forest plantations. The purpose of the study was to identify factors that affect the intensity of damage to tree stands, predict the volume of dead trees, and develop an approach to improving the stability of forest stands. As a result, is has been stated that storm damage has mainly affected weak, mature and overmature trees. Root rot (i.e., spruce root rot) promotes high degree of windthrow, while stem rot provokes windbreak (which is typical for hardwood species – aspen, birch, lime tree). The greatest influence on the intensity of damage to plantings by windfall and windbreak has the length of the crown, the diameter of the trunk and the content of rot. Based on the results of the research a new approach of regenerating species composition and the structure of local forest types at the national park has been proposed.
Highlights
The problem of adequate combination of human activity with environment is relevant today due to the intense development of urban infrastructure and expansion of metropolis [1-3]
Federal national park “Losiniy osrtov” (Elk island) is the largest forestland situated in the Moscow region
Isolation of plants environment leads to the necessity of artificial regeneration of one species of woody-bushy vegetation as well as regulating others
Summary
The problem of adequate combination of human activity with environment is relevant today due to the intense development of urban infrastructure and expansion of metropolis [1-3]. Significant areas of its forest stand mainly containing forest forming species (more than 600 ha) have been lost due to multiple storms from 2001 to 2017 as well as due to the total affect of spruce stands by eight-toothed bark beetle. Designing clearing and regeneration treatments requires preliminary evaluation of its sanitary and forest pathological condition. A study area at the first step was Losinoostrovskaya forest district (further – historical part of the Park). Taking into consideration constant changings of forest ecosystems and according to the forest legislation requirements a systematic environmental monitoring including forest stands conditions is being organized on the territory of the Park in order to detect undesirable deviations in due time. Despite ambitious forest restoration plans in the historical part of the Park, the territories of real forest planting were 855 ha in 1956 in comparison with planned areas of 1907 ha
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