Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide and the association between HPV infection and genital cancers has been well established. This study concerned the possible role of HPV infection in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in the Iranian population. We examined 80 tissues obtained from patients with colorectal cancer consisting of 58 colon cancer samples and 22 rectal cancer samples and 80 tissues from patients with unremarkable pathologic changes as matched controls by sex, study center and anatomical sites. HPV infection and genotypes were detected using nested PCR and sequencing methods, respectively. HPV DNA was detected in 5/80 (6.25%) cases including 1 of 22 (4.54%) patients with rectum cancer and 4 of 58 (6.9%) patients with colon cancer and 1/80 (1.25%) of controls. Furthermore, HPV-18 was detected as the most frequent type and we found no significant correlation between prevalence of HPV infection and anatomical sub- sites. Although a causal relation between human papillomavirus and colorectal cancer was not found through this study, analysis of medical records pointed to a possible role for high- risk types of HPV in increasing the potential of aggressiveness in colorectal cancer. This study shows a particular frequency of HPV genotypes in patients with colorectal cancer in Iran. Since HPV vaccines are limited to a few types of virus, using cohort studies in different geographical zones to screen for patterns of HPV infection in different organs might increase the efficacy and optimization of the current vaccines.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer dependent death in the world and there are one million new cases diagnosed per year (Burnett-Hartman et al, 2008; Giuliani et al, 2008) and colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in Iranian population (Motlagh et al, 2007)
The main findings of this study were that HPV infection may play a role to increase the potential of aggressiveness and metastasis in colorectal cancer and geographical variation might be related to type variation of HPV infection
Demographic data including age, sex and location in patients with colorectal carcinoma in present study are comparable to reported by Boyle and Leon (2002), Haggar and Boushry (2009) and Almeida and Barry (2010), which indicate that more than 90 % of colorectal cancer are older than 50 years of age and the cancer incidence rate among men is slightly higher than women, this study has explained a similar epidemiological pattern of colorectal cancer incidence in Iranian population as several studies in this background
Summary
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer dependent death in the world and there are one million new cases diagnosed per year (Burnett-Hartman et al, 2008; Giuliani et al, 2008) and colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in Iranian population (Motlagh et al, 2007). It is a complex of multistep and multifactorial events, as an interaction between environmental and life style, sequential genetic alternations and viral infection (Giuliani et al, 2008; Doosti et al, 2011). Since HPV vaccines are limited to a few types of virus, using cohort studies in different geographical zones to VFUHHQ IRU SDWWHUQV RI +39 LQIHFWLRQ LQ GLIIHUHQW RUJDQV PLJKW LQFUHDVH WKH HIÀFDF\ DQG RSWLPL]DWLRQ RI WKH current vaccines
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