Abstract
Background:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the acid tolerance response and pH adaptation when Enterococcusfaecalis interacted with extract of lime ( Citrus aurantiifolia). Methods: We used E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and lime extract from Aceh, Indonesia. The microbe was analyzed for its pH adaptation, acid tolerance response, and adhesion assay using a light microscope with a magnification of x1000. Further, statistical tests were performed to analyze both correlation and significance of the acid tolerance and pH adaptation as well as the interaction activity. Results:E. faecalis was able to adapt to a very acidic environment (pH 2.9), which was characterized by an increase in its pH (reaching 4.2) at all concentrations of the lime extract (p < 0.05). E. faecalis was also able to provide acid tolerance response to lime extract based on spectrophotometric data (595 nm) (p < 0.05). Also, the interaction activity of E. faecalis in different concentrations of lime extract was relatively stable within 6 up to 12 hours (p < 0.05), but it became unstable within 24-72 hours (p > 0.05) based on the mass profiles of its interaction activity. Conclusions:E. faecalis can adapt to acidic environments (pH 2.9-4.2); it is also able to tolerate acid generated by Citrus aurantiifolia extract, revealing a stable interaction in the first 6-12 hours.
Highlights
Enterococcus faecalis is a significant agent in the pathogenesis of root canal infections, especially in post-endodontic treatment, with a prevalence of 24–77% in these infections[1]
The present study evaluates the acid tolerance response and pH adaptation of E. faecalis when the bacterium grows as biofilm in the presence of lime extract with different concentration
This study showed that the presence of lime extracts decreased pH, but reduction of low pH did not have a significant effect on the ability of E. faecalis to adhere and form biofilm, compared to the control
Summary
Enterococcus faecalis is a significant agent in the pathogenesis of root canal infections, especially in post-endodontic treatment, with a prevalence of 24–77% in these infections[1]. This bacterium is very difficult to eliminate because the pathogen can survive in poor nutrient conditions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the acid tolerance response and pH adaptation when Enterococcus faecalis interacted with extract of lime ( Citrus aurantiifolia). Conclusions: E. faecalis can adapt to acidic environments (pH 2.9–4.2); it is able to tolerate acid generated by Citrus aurantiifolia extract, revealing a stable interaction in the first 6–12 hours
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