The Ability of an Algoclay-Based Mycotoxin Decontaminant to Decrease the Serum Levels of Zearalenone and Its Metabolites in Lactating Sows.

Xandra Benthem De Grave,Francesc Molist,Maria A Rodriguez,Regiane R Santos,Sven Dänicke,Julia Laurain,Janine Saltzmann

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.704796

Xandra Benthem De Grave, Francesc Molist + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.704796

Copy DOI

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of an algoclay-based mycotoxin decontaminant on the levels of ZEN, DON, and their derivatives in the colostrum, milk, and serum of sows, as well as in the serum of weaned piglets after maternal mycotoxin exposure during the last week of gestation and during lactation of sows (26 days). For this, sows (n = 5) were fed diets artificially contaminated with 100 (LoZEN) or 300 (HiZEN) ppb ZEN, with or without an algoclay-based mycotoxin decontaminant in the highly contaminated diet. All diets contained 250 ppb deoxynivalenol (DON). Dietary treatments did not affect the performance of the sows and piglets. Only α-ZEL was significantly increased in the colostrum of sows fed the HiZEN diet, and this increase was even higher in the colostrum of the sows fed the HiZEN diet supplemented with the test decontaminant. However, no differences in milk mycotoxin levels were observed at weaning. The highest levels of ZEN, α-ZEL, and β-ZEL were observed in the serum of sows fed the HiZEN diet. When the HiZEN diet was supplemented with the tested algoclay-based mycotoxin decontaminant the levels of ZEN and its metabolites were significantly decreased in the serum of sows. Although all sows were fed the same levels of DON, the serum level of de-epoxy-DON was increased only in the serum of piglets from the sows fed a diet with the non-supplemented HiZEN diet. In conclusion, the tested algoclay-based mycotoxin decontaminant can decrease the levels of ZEN and its metabolites in the serum of sows and the level of de-DON in the serum of piglets.

Highlights

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by different fungal species, Fusarium being responsible for most contamination of feedstuffs in the field
ADFI d109–weaning Farrowing–weaning BW development BW d109 BW farrowing BW weaning BWG d109–farrowing BWG farrowing–weaning BWG d109–weaning BF development BF farrowing BF weaning BFG d109–farrowing BFG farrowing–weaning BFG d109–weaning aAll values for body weight and backfat thickness were corrected for body weight and backfat thickness of the sow at the start of the experiment; T1, LoZEN from d109 gestation until d26 of lactation; T2, HiZEN from d109 gestation until d26 of lactation; T3, HiZEN + algoclay-based mycotoxin decontaminant from d109 gestation until d26 of lactation
It was demonstrated that dietary exposure of sows to 300 ppb ZEN will result in increased milk transmission of this mycotoxins and metabolites to piglets, which will experience an inflammatory process [6]

Summary

Introduction

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by different fungal species, Fusarium being responsible for most contamination of feedstuffs in the field. In practice, acute toxicity occurs occasionally, and chronic dietary exposure plays the main role in economic losses, Effect of an Algoclay on Serum Zearalenone especially when young piglets are exposed to these mycotoxins. Such exposure may even occur via the placenta and/or during lactation [3]. DON, ZEN, and their metabolites were identified in the colostrum, milk, and serum of sows fed diets containing 250 ppb DON and 100 or 300 ppb ZEN [6] In this earlier study, we confirmed the transmission of these mycotoxins during the last week of gestation and lactation by measuring mycotoxin levels in the serum of suckling piglets. The gestation and lactation exposure did not impair the performance of the piglets but an inflammatory process was taking place

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion