Abstract
BackgroundRecent studies indicate that Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF β) correlated with pulmonary metastasis of cancers. However, the correlation between TGF β and pulmonary metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is till unknown.MethodsWe detected the in vitro and in vivo expression levels of TGF β1/Smads by Real-time PCR and Western blot in MHCC97-H and MHCC97–L cell lines, which are HCC cell lines and have higher and lower pulmonary metastatic potential respectively.ResultsTGF β1 mRNA level in MHCC97-L tumors were higher than that in MHCC97-H tumors, (2.81±1.61 vs. 1.24±0.96, P=0.002), TGF β1 protein level in MHCC97-L tumors were also higher than that in MHCC97-H tumors (1.37±0.95 vs. 0.32±0.22, P<0.001). In addition, the TGF β1 mRNA level positively correlated with pulmonary metastasis, and the relations between TGF β1 and Smads were also found (R2=0.12 and 0.40, respectively).ConclusionsOur results suggest that TGF β/ Smads promote pulmonary metastasis of HCC.
Highlights
Recent studies indicate that Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF β) correlated with pulmonary metastasis of cancers
The tumor weight and pulmonary metastatic rate The tumors of MHCC9-H model grew fast than that of MHCC97-L, and especially in early stage of tumor formation, MHCC9-H spent shorter time than MHCC97-L getting to the size of 500mm3 (21.93±3.67 vs. 30.83±1.94, P
In MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L models, we divided all samples (31cases) into two groups according to metastasis, and we found the TGF β1 protein level in metastasis group was higher than in none metastasis group by covariance analysis (0.16±0.15 vs. 0.12±0.10, P
Summary
Recent studies indicate that Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF β) correlated with pulmonary metastasis of cancers. The correlation between TGF β and pulmonary metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is till unknown. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The overall five-year survival rate following resection has remained as poor as 35–50% [1,2,3]. The extremely poor prognosis of HCC is largely the result of a high rate of recurrence after surgery and of metastasis [4,5]. Lung is the most common site for extrahepatic recurrence of HCC. The incidence of pulmonary metastasis after hepatic resection for HCC ranges from 37% to 58% [6]. To reduce the pulmonary metastasis could ameliorate the prognosis of HCC
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