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Abstract
<p class="normal">The main objective of this paper is to analyse the potential as well as the limitations of an action camera (GoPro Hero 3 Black) in photogrammetric application for architectural cultural heritage reconstruction. The investigations were carried out in a site of notable historical interest, “Villa Giulia Felice” in Pompeii, Italy. In order to estimate the work pipeline, the time-consuming processing and the output product accuracy using fisheye camera images, three commercial image processing software packages were tested: Agisoft PhotoScan, Pix4Dmapper and 3DF Zephyr Aerial. Several comparisons among the final 3D models produced have been developed and the results achieved. Despite the problems found related to lens distortion and the small distance from the camera to the object (average distance ~80 cm), the test has provided good results in terms of accuracy (average error 2 - 3.5 cm) and reliability.</p>
Highlights
In the archaeological field, 2D representation is more prevalent and used compared to 3D restitutions
This paper presents the result of a test performed with a GoPro Hero 3 Black (Figure 1) used to survey an external wall surface in a very narrow space
In a previous step of this research [11], an external program was used to correct the distortion of each image before to import them in the photogrammetric software
Summary
2D representation is more prevalent and used compared to 3D restitutions (especially for technical use). The use of multi-image photogrammetry for close-range surveys is an alternative solution, especially in the Cultural Heritage field and for complex acquisition conditions [1], [2]. In recent years there have been important developments in close-range photogrammetry thanks to various well known factors, such as: (i) the application of computer vision algorithms that allows automatic camera calibration and calculation of exterior orientation parameters; (ii) the improvement of photogrammetric software; (iii) and the increase of the quality of low cost digital cameras (able to provide high resolution images). The software packages developed, combining computer vision image-matching algorithms and photogrammetry principles, allow to obtain accurate 3D reconstructions and to export detailed orthoimages from the textured 3D models, with the implementation of a well-defined workflow. The photo processing was developed with different photogrammetric software (Agisoft PhotoScan 1.2.3, Pix4Dmapper 1.4.46 and 3DF Zephyr Aerial 2.3061l), analysing the accuracy of the final 3D models
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