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Abstract
Abstract. The 3D reconstruction with a metric content of a submerged area, where objects and structures of archaeological interest are found, could play an important role in the research and study activities and even in the digitization of the cultural heritage. The reconstruction of 3D object, of interest for archaeologists, constitutes a starting point in the classification and description of object in digital format and for successive fruition by user after delivering through several media. The starting point is a metric evaluation of the site obtained with photogrammetric surveying and appropriate 3D restitution. The authors have been applying the underwater photogrammetric technique since several years using underwater digital cameras and, in this paper, digital low cost cameras (off-the-shelf). Results of tests made on submerged objects with three cameras are presented: © Canon Power Shot G12, © Intova Sport HD e © GoPro HERO 2. The experimentation had the goal to evaluate the precision in self-calibration procedures, essential for multimedia underwater photogrammetry, and to analyze the quality of 3D restitution. Precisions obtained in the calibration and orientation procedures was assessed by using three cameras, and an homogeneous set control points. Data were processed with © Agisoft Photoscan. Successively, 3D models were created and the comparison of the models derived from the use of different cameras was performed. Different potentialities of the used cameras are reported in the discussion section. The 3D restitution of objects and structures was integrated with sea bottom floor morphology in order to achieve a comprehensive description of the site. A possible methodology of survey and representation of submerged objects is therefore illustrated, considering an automatic and a semi-automatic approach.
Highlights
The seabed is often defined as "the greatest museum in the world." The underwater cultural heritage includes all traces of human existence that lie beneath the water and have a cultural or historical character
Results of tests made on submerged objects with three cameras are presented: © Canon Power Shot G12, © Intova Sport HD e © GoPro HERO 2
The experimentation had the goal to evaluate the precision in self-calibration procedures, essential for multimedia underwater photogrammetry, and to analyze the quality of 3D restitution
Summary
The seabed is often defined as "the greatest museum in the world." The underwater cultural heritage includes all traces of human existence that lie beneath the water and have a cultural or historical character. Entire cities have been swallowed up by the waves, and thousands of ships have been lost at sea While these ships, buildings and historical objects are not visible on the surface, their remains have survived to the bottom of lakes, seas and oceans stored safely in the aquatic environment. Buildings and historical objects are not visible on the surface, their remains have survived to the bottom of lakes, seas and oceans stored safely in the aquatic environment This heritage includes three million ancient shipwrecks, their content, submerged ruins, cities and thousands of prehistoric sites. One major reason is that related to the fact of not coming into contact with the object This is very important for the preservation of the object within its natural environment. This article focuses on the definition of the parameters of interior orientation of three types of cheap camera (© Canon Power Shot G12, © Intova Sport HD e © GoPro HERO 2), comparing them after their determination using photogrammetric algorithms, very often implemented by the computer vision sciences (for instance the Structure from Motion with bundle adjustment), and a commercial software (PhotoScan, ©Agisoft)
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