Abstract
The detections of gravitational-wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescence by ground-based detectors have opened up the era of GW astronomy. These observations provide opportunities to test Einstein’s general theory of relativity at the strong-field regime. Here we give a brief overview of the various GW-based tests of General Relativity (GR) performed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration on the detected GW events to date. After providing details for the tests performed in four categories, we discuss the prospects for each test in the context of future GW detectors. The four categories of tests include the consistency tests, parametrized tests for GW generation and propagation, tests for the merger remnant properties, and GW polarization tests.
Highlights
The binary evolution in General Relativity (GR) is described differently than in Newtonian gravity (NG)
The first bound on the Compton wavelength from gravitational waves (GWs) observations of a binary black hole (BBH) signal is λ g > 1013 km [9] and this has been extended to more generic cases in the subsequent analyses [20,22,74]
This review article provides a brief overview of the tests of GR performed during the first three observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo detectors, including tests of consistency with GR (Section 2.1), parameterized tests (Section 2.2), tests based on the merger remnant properties (Section 2.3), and tests for GW polarizations (Section 2.4)
Summary
The binary evolution in General Relativity (GR) is described differently than in Newtonian gravity (NG). The first one ( called restricted or simple combining) assumes equal GR deviations across all the events independent of the physical parameters characterizing the binary, and this technique is well described and demonstrated for GWTC-1 events [74] This assumption is generally incorrect as there are cases when the waveform model can arbitrarily deviate from GR depending upon the binary source properties. The second method, the hierarchical combining strategy, tries to overcome the issue of universality assumption by relaxing it In this case, instead of assuming uniform GR deviation for all events, a Gaussian distribution models the non-GR parameter. Model-Agnostic Tests of General Relativity from Gravitational-Wave Observations
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