Abstract
Motion capture systems enable in-depth interpretations of human movements based on data from three-dimensional joint angles and moments. Such analyses carry important bearings for evaluation of movement control during for instance hop landings among sports-active individuals from a performance perspective but also in rehabilitation. Recent statistical development allows analysis of entire time-series of angle and moment during hops using functional data analysis, but the reliability of such multifaceted data is not established. We used integrated pointwise indices (intra-class correlation, ICC; standard error of measurement, SEM) to establish the test–retest reliability of three-dimensional hip, knee and ankle angle and moment curves during landings of one-leg hop for distance (OLHD) in 23 asymptomatic individuals aged 18–28. We contrasted these findings to reliability of discrete variables extracted at specific events (initial contact, peak value). We extended the calculations of ICC and SEM to handle unbalanced situations (varying number of repetitions) to include all available data. Hip and knee angle curves proved reliable with stable ICC curves throughout the landing, with integrated ICCs ≥ 0.71 for all planes except for knee internal/external rotation (ICC = 0.57). Hip and knee moment curves and ankle angle and moments were less reliable and less stable, particularly in the first ~ 10–25% of the landing (integrated ICCs 0.44–0.57). Curve data were generally not in agreement with the results for discrete event data, thus advocating analysis of curve data which contains more information. To conclude, hip and knee angle curve data during OLHD landings can reliably be evaluated, while moment curves necessitate careful consideration.
Highlights
Motion capture is useful to evaluate joint angle and moment data during hop testing for sport-related purposes among both asymptomatic individuals and in rehabilitation of various clinical populations
How ever, commonly used statistical methods usually limit the analyses to specific discrete event-related variables, such as peak angles and mo ments during the landing phase
We evaluated the test–retest reliability of hip and knee joint angle and moment curves during oneleg hop for distance (OLHD) landings in asymptomatic individuals and contrasted these findings to results from discrete data extracted at initial contact and peak values from the same data set
Summary
Motion capture is useful to evaluate joint angle and moment data during hop testing for sport-related purposes among both asymptomatic individuals and in rehabilitation of various clinical populations. Such time-series (curve) data are recorded during entire movements. Recent development within the func tional data analysis branch of statistics enables more advanced analysis of complete angle and moment curve data across the timeframe of in terest. This approach provides a more complete representation of movement control than standard analyses of discrete event data since it includes a temporal aspect. Functional data analysis has been increasingly used to evaluate joint angle and moment curve data (see e. g., Hebert-Losier et al, 2015; 2018; Markstrom et al, 2019; Warmen hoven et al, 2019a; 2019b), but there is a need to evaluate test–retest reliability and purposive methods for this
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