Test Methods for Metals and the Test Results at the Liquid Nitrogen Temperature

Abstract

With the recent remarkable development of cryogenic appliances data for mechanical properties of various materials at cryogenic temperature have been required. Under these circums tances, our efforts were concentrated to the test method for materials at cryogenic temperature and collecting data on mechanical properties of materials in cryogenic use. In this report, we introduce the test methods and the mechanical properties of materials at temperatures of room to the liquid nitrogen.As for the test methods, we mainly discuss the construction of various cryostats for tensile tests, hardness tests, impact tests and fatigue tests. By using the methods established in this study, we investigated on the mechanical properties of aluminum, copper, 18-8 stainless steel and other metals. Besides these two subjects, we also explain the relation between the martensite transformation in austenitic stainless steels and peculiar behavior of their mechanical properties at cryogenic temperature.