Abstract
The tentorium cerebelli is a meningeal portion in relation to the skull, the nervous system, and the cervical tract. In this second part, the article discusses the systematic tentorial relationships, such as the central and cervical neurological connections, the venous circulation and highlights possible clinical alterations that could cause pain. To understand the function of anatomy, we should always remember that every area of the human body is never a segment, but a functional continuum.
Highlights
BackgroundCervical neurological connectionsThe ansa cervicalis characterizes the first cervical roots and connects all anterior cervical nerve exits with the inferior floor of the oral cavity, the trigeminal system, the respiratory control system, and the sympathetic system
The tentorium cerebelli is a meningeal portion in relation to the skull, the nervous system, and the cervical tract
According to some authors the dorsal root C1, or occipital nerve, may be absent in 8% of the population, and only a low percentage has an anastomosis with the CN XI, through a branch of C1, known as the nerve of McKenzie [5]
Summary
The ansa cervicalis characterizes the first cervical roots and connects all anterior cervical nerve exits with the inferior floor of the oral cavity, the trigeminal system, the respiratory control system, and the sympathetic system. The nerve C2 or great occipital nerve (GON), originates from the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of C2, travelling posteriorly through the first and second vertebra, communicating with the dorsal root of C3 [8,9] It ascends towards the scalp at about 4 cm from Inion and between the inferior oblique muscle and the semispinalis capitis. A descending branch of the hypoglossal nerve (or superior root of the ansa cervicalis) initiates from this loop, and it innervates the infrahyoid muscles, such as the thyrohyoid and geniohyoid muscles [21, 23] This branch may enter the thorax engaging the parasympathetic and sympathetic trunk and the visceral function of the mediastinum [23]. A dural structural alteration of the tentorium could cause venous diseases, which may affect the central nervous system and the cervical nervous system [25,26,27,28]
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