TENSILE FABRIC STRUCTURES. WORLD CONSTRUCTION EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

The article is devoted to tensile fabric architecture. On the examples of the historical world experience in the construction of structures with tensile fabric coverings, the advantages and ways of further propagation of tensile fabric architecture are considered.
 The successful development of architecture in the context of scientific and technological progress is inextricably linked with the use of advanced achievements in various fields of science and technology and, above all, with the use of progressive structural systems and new effective building materials.
 Among modern building structures, the most rational for medium-span structures and the only possible for large-span structures are spatial coating systems. They allow, without a significant increase in labor costs for the manufacture and consumption of materials, in comparison with flat structures, to free the space to be overlapped from intermediate supports. This ensures the versatility of the use of the building, its more intensive operation, slows down its obsolescence, creates the necessary conditions for its adaptation to new functional and technological processes.
 Tensile fabric structures for roofing stand out from the spatial structures. They are economical, less material-intensive, have rich volumetric plastic capabilities and artistic and decorative qualities. Tensile fabric structures are building structures in which the main load-bearing elements mainly flexible (nets, cables, ropes, curved threads from rigid elements, etc.). These elements works exclusively in tension, which makes possible to use fully the load-bearing properties of high-strength materials (mainly steels). Due to the low weight of such structures, it is possible to cover a large space.
 Tensile fabric structures are widely used in construction. They influence the formation of the architecture of large-span structures, they are used in buildings with complex volumetric-spatial solutions, and their plastic qualities enrich the artistic palette of the architect.
 Tensile fabric coverings are successfully used in construction. The combination of steel tension members and modern synthetic materials makes it possible to create unique and effective solutions for both public buildings and industrial or agricultural structures.