THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE COMBUSTION PROCESS

Abstract

Problem statement. The analysis of fire hazard shows that fires cause significant material damage to the economy around the world, significantly complicating the environmental situation, endangering human life. Thus, in Ukraine there are more than 50 thousand fires every year, in which people die, and material damage exceeds hundreds of millions of hryvnias, incidental losses are 20 times greater. This alarming statistics is largely due to the increased fire hazard of buildings and structures erected and operated by changing production technology, increasing the number of storeys and building density, changing traditional and material-intensive technologies of building new advanced technologies with effective building materials from wood, plastics and polymers, metal, etc. Many of these materials are highly sensitive to high temperatures and fire. Thus, wooden and plastic building materials and structures under the action of high temperatures can burn, releasing significant amounts of heat and toxic substances. Metal structures under fire are rapidly heated to critical temperatures, which leads to a loss of their load-bearing capacity. The purpose of the article. Research of regularities at high-temperature heating of wood and metal, at burning and decomposition of wood. Conclusions. Fire protection of building structures is a necessary part of preventive measures aimed at ensuring fire safety and fire resistance of buildings and structures. The main task of structures’ fire protection is to reduce the flammability of materials and reduce heat transfer to them.