Abstract
ABSTRACT The amount of fungicide that adheres to the leaf during spraying and the amount that remain on the leaf after weathering are the main factors that defines the amount of active residue on the leaf surface to effectively control plant pathogens. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the tenacity and persistence of copper in citrus seedling leaves under simulated rainfall in Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The evaluated variables were copper content, solution retention, surface tension and drop spectrum. A significant and inversely proportional linear relationship to drops <100 µm was found. The percentage of copper retained in leaves of citrus seedlings with copper fungicides of suspension concentrate (SC) formulations after simulated rainfall was greater than 80%. Copper fungicides of SC formulations presented the lowest surface tension, allowing greater tenacity and persistence of copper on seedlings of citrus leaves after simulated rainfall and increased contact between the drops and leaf surface.
Highlights
Spraying copper fungicides is one of the most traditional methods of disease control
Adherence and persistence of pesticides on leaf surfaces of crops after the action of weather, are the main factors that define the amount of the active residue to effective control plant pathogens (RICH, 1954)
The interaction between rainfall and crop protection products is influenced by several factors, such as intensity, interval between application and rainfall, plant surface tissue characteristics, plant protection product used and its water solubility (CABRAS et al 2001)
Summary
Spraying copper fungicides is one of the most traditional methods of disease control. Adherence and persistence of pesticides on leaf surfaces of crops after the action of weather, are the main factors that define the amount of the active residue to effective control plant pathogens (RICH, 1954). The interaction between rainfall and crop protection products is influenced by several factors, such as intensity, interval between application and rainfall, plant surface tissue characteristics, plant protection product used and its water solubility (CABRAS et al 2001). Weber et al (1937) stated that a single strong rainfall removes more fungicides from the leaf surface than several weak rainfalls, Hunsche et al (2007) stated that the influence of rainfall on pesticide applications may vary, depending on the active ingredient and formulation
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