Abstract
A self-isolated 10-element antenna array operating in the long-term evolution 42 (LTE42) frequency band is proposed for 5G massive MIMO smartphone applications. The proposed antenna elements are placed in a 2D array configuration; they are placed symmetrically along the two long edges of the mobile chassis. The proposed antenna structure is a shorted loop antenna resonating at half-wavelength mode, which is rarely deployed by researchers due to its large size compared to other quarter wavelength antenna structures. It is a printed, shorted, and compact loop antenna of a total footprint area of $6\times6.5$ mm2 ( $\lambda /14.3\times \lambda $ /13.2, where $\lambda $ is the free space wavelength at 3.5 GHz). A small capacitive coupling flag-shaped strip is used to excite the proposed loop antenna. The compactness is achieved using an inward meandering that forms an internal loop in the element. The position and the dimensions of this loop are used to tune the resonant frequency and matching level at 3.5 GHz. The results (theoretical, simulated, and measured) show that the 3.5 GHz band (3.4-3.6 GHz) is achieved with impedance matching better than −10 dB, and total efficiency higher than 65%. A $10\times10$ MIMO system is formed and it has an excellent MIMO and diversity performance in-terms of the envelope correlation coefficient (below 0.055), and apparently it has the highest channel capacity (about 54.3 bps/Hz) among other MIMO systems of the same order. Simulation results of the specific absorption rate (SAR) demonstrates that the proposed antenna solution satisfied SAR criterion. Thus, the proposed ten-element MIMO antenna represent an excellent candidate for sub-6 GHz 5G smartphone applications.
Highlights
The 5G communications system represents one of the latest wireless solutions as it offers a high data rate with very low latency
In order to achieve the main themes of 5G communication systems, massive multiple inputs and multiple outputs antenna should be carefully designed at both communications end
THE PROPOSED ANTENNA SYSTEM the geometry of the proposed 10-element MIMO antenna array for 5G smartphone applications is presented first, and the structure of the proposed antennaelement is discussed in detail
Summary
The 5G communications system represents one of the latest wireless solutions as it offers a high data rate with very low latency. Most of the published 5G sub GHz antennas are built as a part of the metal frame of smartphone devices [3], [8], [13], [15], [16], [22] In this regard, different antenna structures have been proposed such as: inverted-F antennas (IFA) [12], [18], dipole-like antennas [11], [19], split loop [17], slot monopoles [14], [15], [20], monopoles [3], [4], [9], [21], open slot on bezel [7], and inverted-L antennas [25], [26]. To the best of our knowledge, the single element approach represents an effective approach, especially, if the building element does not include a big gap like the shorted loop structure we propose Such a structure does not attract researchers’ attention as other structures like monopole, slot monopole and slot antennas as these latter structures have fundamental resonating radiating modes at about a quarter wavelength.
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