Temporal power spectra of angle of arrival fluctuations for optical waves propagating through moderate-to-strong non-Kolmogorov refractive turbulence

Abstract

The temporal statistical property of angle of arrival (AOA) fluctuations is investigated in detail both analytically and numerically. New analytic expressions for the temporal power spectra of AOA fluctuations are derived with the extended Rytov theory for both plane and spherical waves propagating through moderate-to-strong (or strong) non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence. They cover a more wide range of turbulence strength, and can reduce correctly to previously published analytic expressions for the weak non-Kolmogorov turbulence case. The final results indicate that, as turbulence strength increases up to moderate-to-strong (or strong) turbulence regime, the expressions derived in this work deviates from those obtained via the Rytov theory and the discrepancy increases with the increased turbulence strength. These results are useful for the understanding the potential impact of derivations from the standard non-Kolmogorov spectrum.