Temporal and spatial distributions and influencing factors of HABs outbreaks around the north of Shandong Peninsula during 2000–2019: based on remote sensing images and field monitoring data

Abstract

Red tides have many harmful effects on offshore ecosystem and even human health, which has become a global marine environmental problem. In recent years, the occurrence of red tides has become more frequent and extensive in the offshore area of China. As one of the important sea areas in northern China, the north of Shandong Peninsula is also facing the impact of red tides. Relevant data and information on red tides outbreaks around the north of Shandong Peninsula (This study refers to the coastal area of Yantai) from 2000 to 2019 were collected in this study, and then, the comprehensive human activity intensity model was constructed. It was found that the occurrence of red tides in this area had a certain aggregation on both temporal and spatial scales, and the reason was related to nearshore human activities. Different types of land cover in coastal zone had a more significant impact on the occurrence of red tides. The types of water and structures had a certain correlation with the occurrence of red tides.