Abstract
Building resilient cities is playing an increasingly important role in enhancing urban safety and promoting sustainable urban development. However, few scholars pay attention to urban resilience in inland provinces. Choosing Henan Province, as it is a typical representative of China’s major inland economic provinces, has practical guiding significance. This study aims to provide a systematic indicator system and evaluation tool to measure the cuity’s resilience level. Therefore, based on a multidimensional perspective, this paper dissects the urban resilience spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of 18 Henan Province cities with the entropy method, Thiel index, and ESDA (Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis) and explores influencing factors with a spatial econometric model. The main results are as follows: (1) the overall resilience in Henan Province continuously grows, and the resilience level of the Zhengzhou metropolitan area is the highest. In the urban resilience subsystem, economic and social resilience notably drive urban resilience improvement in Henan Province. (2) The spatial difference of urban resilience has been significantly reduced, but the inner metropolitan area presents the characteristics of “core–periphery”. Urban resilience presents a positive spatial correlation, and local spatial agglomeration is relatively stable. (3) Under the state of spatial interaction, urbanization rate, administrative, innovation, market, and industrial structure factors all have significant direct effects and spatial spillover effects on overall resilience, but openness exerts downward pressure on local resilience. (4) On this basis, strategies have been proposed to continuously promote the development of new urbanization, improve the regional coordinated development mechanism, increase market activity, optimize the environment for scientific and educational innovation, and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. The approach taken in this research may also be useful for developing urban resilience assessment tools in other central plains cities as well as in other cities in the interior of the world with similar conditions.
Highlights
Given the current situation of Henan Province, wherein “the overall resilience is continuously growing and evolving, the ecological resilience and engineering resilience have shortcomings, and the local effect and spatial spillover effect of openness on urban resilience are negative”, we propose measures to continuously promote the development of new urbanization; improve the mechanism of regional collaborative development; enhance market activity; optimize the environment of science, education, and innovation; and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure to provide experience and reference for the construction of resilient cities
Comparing the four major subsystems, the economic resilience level was the highest in the examined years, the trend was consistent with the overall resilience level, and the engineering resilience was the lowest
The urban resilience level in Henan Province in 2017 experienced a relatively large-scale increase, which was mainly attributed to the official issuance and implementation of the Central curred due to the Henan Provincial Government’s emphasis on sustainable and healthy urban development over the past 10 years and the successive promulgation of policies aimed at the construction of high-quality cities, which created many dividends for urban resilience enhancement in Henan Province
Summary
The sustainable and healthy development of cities is an important manifestation of economic development and social progress. With the rapid development of urbanization, cities are facing increasingly serious uncertainty problems. The United Nations predicted that by the end of 2050, more than 66% of the population will live in cities [1]. The. World Bank assessed the risk status of 633 large cities worldwide in 2013 and found that 450 countries were exposed to the risk of at least one disaster [2].
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