Abstract
Hierarchical Sb2S3 hollow microspheres assembled by nanowires have been successfully synthesized by a simple and practical hydrothermal reaction. The possible formation process of this architecture was investigated by X-ray diffraction, focused-ion beam-scanning electron microscopy dual-beam system, and transmission electron microscopy. When used as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries, Sb2S3 hollow microspheres manifest excellent rate property and enhanced lithium-storage capability and can deliver a discharge capacity of 674 mAh g−1 at a current density of 200 mA g−1 after 50 cycles. Even at a high current density of 5000 mA g−1, a discharge capacity of 541 mAh g−1 is achieved. Sb2S3 hollow microspheres also display a prominent sodium-storage capacity and maintain a reversible discharge capacity of 384 mAh g−1 at a current density of 200 mA g−1 after 50 cycles. The remarkable lithium/sodium-storage property may be attributed to the synergetic effect of its nanometer size and three-dimensional hierarchical architecture, and the outstanding stability property is attributed to the sufficient interior void space, which can buffer the volume expansion.
Highlights
Owing to the numerous inherent advantages of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), they have been generally applied in many fields and display good prospect in large-scale energystorage systems [1,2,3,4,5]
Among the many suitable anode materials for LIBs and NIBs, antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) is a highly anisotropic semiconductor that crystallizes with a layered structure, and it has received significant attention owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (947 mAh g-1) and superior lithium/sodium-storage performance [14,15,16]
The diffraction peaks of Sb2S3-120 can be indexed as orthorhombic Sb2S3 phase and monoclinic Sb8O11Cl2 phase, which are in accordance with the standard date files PDF 42-1393 and PDF 77-1583, respectively
Summary
Owing to the numerous inherent advantages of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), they have been generally applied in many fields and display good prospect in large-scale energystorage systems [1,2,3,4,5]. Among the many suitable anode materials for LIBs and NIBs, antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) is a highly anisotropic semiconductor that crystallizes with a layered structure, and it has received significant attention owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (947 mAh g-1) and superior lithium/sodium-storage performance [14,15,16]. Sb2S3 hollow microspheres have been effectively synthesized by a straightforward hydrothermal reaction employing L-cysteine and SbCl3 as raw materials without adding any surfactants. This novel architecture combines the merits of hollow and 3D hierarchical structures. The Sb2S3 hollow microspheres exhibit superior lithium/sodium-storage capacity and outstanding rate property
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