Abstract
The temperature dependent behaviour of PbS QD solar cells and thin films was investigated, and guidelines for further improvement of the power conversion efficiency are given.
Highlights
We report the temperature dependent behavior of highly efficient solar cells comprising a layer of tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) capped PbS and a layer of ethane dithiol (EDT) capped PbS
Following the bilayer strategy reported by the Bawendi group,[12] solar cells are fabricated via layer-by-layer spin casting of the active layer consisting of 200 nm TBAI capped PbS, which has been shown to be n-type,[19,29,30] and 60 nm EDT capped PbS, which is less n-type or even p-type depending on how much it has been oxidized.[18,19]
The JV curves measured under AM1.5G 1 Sun intensity are shown in Fig. 1a and b and the corresponding parameters are displayed in Fig. 1c; at room temperature the solar cell displays a VOC of 0.61 V, a JSC of 25.8 mA cmÀ2, a fill factor (FF) of 0.60, and an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.4%, which is higher than previous reports with a similar device structure.[12]
Summary
Lead sulfide quantum dots (PbS QDs) have been a topic of intense study for over a decade due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and their large versatility in such applications as infrared sensors,[1,2,3,4] infrared photon sources,[5] transistors,[6,7,8] and solar cells.[9,10,11,12] Their versatility stems mainly from the size dependent bandgap and the wide array of possible ligands and surface modifications which allow low cost device processing from solution and facile modification of the electronic properties. PbS QD solar cells in particular have seen a rapid rise in solar cell performance, from less than 1% in 2005 to 10.6% in 2015.1,11 This progress has been made possible by several factors. Improvements in the synthesis of the QDs have increased the monodispersity and scalability of PbS QDs.[13,14]. An improved understanding of energy level alignment and band bending has led to increasingly sophisticated device structures which facilitate the extraction of generated charges.[12,20,21,22] To further improve solar cell efficiencies, the prevailing limitations must be understood
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