Abstract
The temperature dependence of spin currents in insulators at the finite temperature near zero Kelvin is theoretically studied. The spin currents are carried by Jordan–Wigner fermions and magnons in one- and three-dimensional insulators. These spin currents are generated by the external magnetic field gradient along the quantization axis and also by the two-particle interaction gradient. In one-dimensional insulators, quantum fluctuations are strong and the spin current carried by Jordan–Wigner fermions shows the stronger dependence on temperatures than the one by magnons.
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