Technology of obtaining thermal insulation material on the basis of liquid glass by a method of low temperature processing

Abstract

The paper deal with the development of energy saving technology for obtaining thermal insulation material on the basis of liquid glass. The aim of the research is to study processes of chemical and physical modification of soluble sodium silicate and change its rheology. The paper also considers development of technology for the production of thermal insulation material with porosity uniformly distributed throughout the volume and with the specified pores size. In this research the authors used both traditional methods (chemical analysis, physical-mechanical tests) and “thin” methods, i.e. differential thermal analysis, electron microscopy. For research in the field of rheology changes the authors developed a methodology for determination of viscoelastic properties of materials with variable rheology. For the development of resource-saving technologies the researchers used the method of laboratory simulation which is as close as possible to real production conditions. The research identifies regularities of processes of modification and swelling of liquid-glass compositions and suggests methods for increasing viscosity of liquid-glass compositions by introducing various modifying additives. It also introduces an energy-saving technology of porous granular material production, and proposes options for the production of effective thermal insulation material based on sodium silicate composition.