Abstract
In this article we present the technological foundations on which an ecosystem of semantic data objects can be implemented on the latest Blockchain based systems. As the most important citizens among the semantic data objects are ontologies, the ecosystem is referred to as Ontospace. The foundations can be characterized by their architectural, cryptographic and transactional aspects. The architectural aspect borrows from the latest Layer-2 protocols of the 3rd generation blockchains and from the rules of Linked Data systems creation. The cryptographic aspect represents an original work that attempts to resolve the issue of efficient hashing of the graph data structures. The transactional aspect is concerned with the graph replication consistency, conditions for the direct access to graph data from the blockchain smart-contracts and with linkage between sidechains bearing semantic objects and the main network. The large parts of the work were implemented in the context of the Ontochain project – a part of the Next Generation Internet EU Initiative.
Highlights
Blockchain technology [1], [2] has revolutionized the ways in which distributed databases are designed and implemented
TRANSACTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE MODIFIED ETHEREUM CLIENT To guarantee the direct access from smart-contracts to the RDF graphs, we have proposed a modification of the Blockchain client
WORK Our work demonstrated a realistic possibility for the creation of Knowledge Representation system on Blockchain
Summary
Blockchain technology [1], [2] has revolutionized the ways in which distributed databases are designed and implemented. While such modification would not be recommended on the main network (Layer1), it is possible on a Layer-2 sidechain, assuming that it allows the parent chain smart-contract to verify operations of the sidechains Reasoning this way, we concluded that the application of some basic principles of Layer-2 sidechain protocols to the design of blockchain based knowledge representation systems, allows for the creation of the concept of an ecosystem, whose main purpose is to enable creation of trusted representation for solutions like Knowledge Graphs, Ontologies and semantic data sets – based on the RDF representation. In accordance to the rules of Layer-2 protocols, the sidechains of Ontospace, the OntoSidechains are tethered (pegged) to the trusted parent network using mechanisms of Merkle Trees built with hashes of Ethereum transactions which include the RDF named graphs hashes
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