Techno-economic and environmental evaluation of demand side management techniques for rural electrification in Ibadan, Nigeria

Tolulope O. Akinbulire,Olubayo Moses Babatunde,Peter Olabisi Oluseyi

doi:10.1007/s40095-014-0132-2

Tolulope O. Akinbulire, Olubayo Moses Babatunde + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-014-0132-2

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Abstract

According to the United Nation Development Programme, access to modern low-cost energy systems in developing countries is important in the realization of the globally agreed developmental goals, as well as the Millennium Development Goals, and sustainable development, which would assist in the reduction of poverty and to improve the conditions and quality of life for the greater part of the world’s population. Planners have suggested hybrid energy system for the electrification of rural areas worldwide. This study investigates the techno-economic and environmental effect of applying demand side management (DSM) activities to rural loads before design and sizing of hybrid energy systems for such community. Iporin a rural area in Ibadan, Nigeria which is endowed with an average daily solar radiation of 3.84 kWh/m2/day was taken as a case study. The total daily consumption which was initially estimated as 297 kWh/day after the application of DSM techniques dropped to 130 kWh/day representing a decrease of 56.80 %. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables software was used for simulation and optimization purpose. Parameters such as DSM index, net present cost, and emission level were used in determining the effect of the DSM technique. Overall, the DSM activities proved to be more economical and environmental friendly.

Highlights

There is an increasing anxiety with regard to the fundamental changes in energy equilibrium for meeting the growing energy demand with the available energy resources
Iporin a rural area in Ibadan, Nigeria which is endowed with an average daily solar radiation of 3.84 kWh/m2/day was taken as a case study
The total daily consumption which was initially estimated as 297 kWh/day after the application of demand side management (DSM) techniques dropped to 130 kWh/day representing a decrease of 56.80 %

Summary

Introduction

There is an increasing anxiety with regard to the fundamental changes in energy equilibrium for meeting the growing energy demand with the available energy resources. Nigeria as the largest country in Africa with a population of about 148 million is facing this challenge. This is because not less than 60 % of the population has limited or no access to electricity, there is need to stem the energy crisis in the nation [1]. Due to the increasing population of Nigeria, there has been a corresponding increase in power demand without a reliable supply to meet such. The short fall in the supply of electricity in this country especially in the rural settlement where there are inadequate or no grid systems necessitates the need to explore renewable source of energy. Reference [2] ascertains that stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system configuration offers an economical substitute to the costly grid extensions in rural areas in the world

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