Abstract
None of brow lift techniques are completely satisfactory because of their limited effectiveness, lack of longevity, and potential complications. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the pros and cons of the most popular techniques in brow and forehead lift. Relevant original articles in the PubMed database (English language) were sought using the search terms “eyebrow lift", “forehead lift", "periorbital rejuvenation", "eyebrow ptosis", "blepharoplasty and eyebrow change", "surgical eyebrow lift", and "non-surgical eyebrow lift", No date limitation was considered. Titles and abstracts were scanned to include the most pertinent articles. Subsequently, full texts of included articles (111 articles) were skimmed and finally 56 references were selected for the review. A narrative synthesis of data was finally undertaken with particular attention to the indications, techniques, and common complications of the eyebrow lift procedures. Ten popular techniques including two non-surgical methods (Botulinum toxin A and soft tissue fillers) were reviewed in this article. In general, non-surgical methods of forehead/brow lift are temporary, need less experience and correction would be easier should any complication occur. Surgical methods are divided into three categories: trans-blepharoplasty eyebrow lift, direct eyebrow lift, and trans-forehead eyebrow/forehead lift. Currently, the most popular method is the endoscopic forehead lift approach even though its longevity is limited. Direct brow-lift is particularly useful in patients with facial palsy and those who are more likely to be accepting of the scar (male gender, high forehead hair line).
Highlights
The knowledge of surgical anatomy and interventions for brow and forehead rejuvenation are critical for an oculo-facial plastic surgeon.[2]
For instance while an old man with few hair on head and multiple deep horizontal forehead wrinkles may be satisfactorily treated with mid-forehead brow lift with relatively lower cost and recovery period, a young woman with abundant hair benefits most from endoscopic lift. As such the aim of this review was to elaborate on the indications, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages of the common and current techniques in the management of eyebrow/ forehead ptosis
Stabilizing or lifting the outer brow has become an essential adjunct to aesthetic upper blepharoplasty.[12,13,14]
Summary
Although each operation is customized to the patient’s individual senile changes, most patientsAccess this article online Website: https://knepublishing.com/index.php/JOVR DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v15i2.6740 looking for blepharoplasty procedure have a component of eyebrow ptosis with or without asymmetry.[1] Therefore, the knowledge of surgical anatomy and interventions for brow and forehead rejuvenation are critical for an oculo-facial plastic surgeon.[2] In contrast to upper and lower blepharoplasty, with a standard technique[3, 4] adopted and applied almost universally, This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.How to cite this article: Karimi N, Kashkouli MB, Sianati H, Khademi B. Techniques of Eyebrow Lifting: A Narrative Review. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2020;15:218–235.
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