Abstract
Purpose of the study: The scientific objective of the study is to study the problem of building trust as the basis of psychological security of a person, to develop a model of “the formation of trusting relationships as the basis of psychological security of a person” and define its components. Research methods: ascertaining and formative experiment, questionnaires, testing, method of content analysis of essays, methods of mathematical statistics, Student's t-test and Wilcoxon's t-test. Methods that determine the characteristics of trust in oneself and in others were used, as well as methods that diagnose the psychological safety of the personality of adolescents. The paper examines the theoretical aspects of psychological security of a person in domestic and foreign psychology; concepts that reflect the role of trust and trusting relationships of a person in social interaction and personality development; the concept of deprivation symptoms and modern studies on the problem of raising children and adolescents in a difficult life situation. Research results. The paper presents the results of a study of the peculiarities of the emotional and personal development of adolescents who find themselves in a difficult life situation, which are manifested in a low level of confidence in themselves and in the world, the severity of aggressive reactions and high anxiety. Based on the results of the empirical study, technologies for the formation of trust and psychological safety of a person have been developed, which are the author's model of "the formation of trusting relationships as the basis of psychological security of a person" and a complex of psychocorrectional measures. As components of the psychological security of a person, the following are distinguished: affective-personal, cognitive, behavioral and value-semantic components. Key findings and their significance. Comparative analysis of the obtained results of the empirical study of the experimental and control groups made it possible to confirm the reliability of the identified components of psychological security and the criteria of trust/distrust in the author's model. An innovative approach is defined, in which confidence in oneself and in the world is highlighted as a significant factor of psychological security of a person for the first time. The introduction of a psychocorrectional program made it possible to optimize trusting relationships among adolescents.
Highlights
The study of the phenomenon of trust and the development of technologies for its formation as a factor of psychological security is an important research task, since in Russia, there is an increase in the number of children and adolescents who find themselves in a difficult life situation in connection with life in unfavorable living conditions
According to the official data of the State Statistics Service in Russia, there are 73 thousand children and adolescents left without parental care and brought up in closed institutions [1]
Studies have shown that not providing timely assistance to deprived adolescents who find themselves in difficult life conditions leads to profound personal deformations, which often leads to inappropriate behavior, from which the adolescent himself and people around him suffer [3, 4]
Summary
The study of the phenomenon of trust and the development of technologies for its formation as a factor of psychological security is an important research task, since in Russia, there is an increase in the number of children and adolescents who find themselves in a difficult life situation in connection with life in unfavorable living conditions. In this category, we included adolescents who are brought up in dysfunctional families, as well as in closed institutions, adolescents left without parental care, adolescents who have been subjected to physical, psychological and emotional abuse. We called this phenomenon trust deprivation [2]
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