Technique-technological prerequisites for improving soil fertility

Abstract

Annotation Purpose. Improving soil fertility due to new technical and technological support for rational methods of processing and using by-products of crop production as fertilizer. Methods. Generalization of the monographic results of experimental research of combined machines and other printed materials. Results. The reasons for the decrease in soil fertility are given; the technological operation for increasing soil fertility, which consists of grinding plant residues, introducing a destructor and mixing them in a soil layer at a depth of 10–12 cm when processing the soil to 16 cm, is justified, a combined unit for its implementation has been developed. Conclusions. The structural and functional scheme of the combined unit for increasing soil fertility, consisting of an energy source, on the front hitch of which a crop shredder with a horizontal axis of rotation and hammer working bodies for grinding plant residues is hung, on the rear hitch a combined machine with active scapular and passive working bodies is justified for processing the soil to a depth of 16 cm, and a tank for the destructor is installed on the frame, which ensures its introduction and mixing with the soil to a depth of 10–12 cm without a time gap, which increases the efficiency of the destructor's action on improving soil fertility. Keywords: soil fertility, plant residues, shredder, destructor, active-passive working bodies.