Increasing the versatility of mounting the cultivator paw stand when changing the type and condition of the soil

Abstract

Purpose. Improving the quality of soil cultivation by changing the vibration characteristics of the cultivator paw stand depending on the type and condition of the soil. Methods. Methods of experimental field research were used. Results. Scientifically based requirements for quality indicators of technological processes of pre-sowing tillage during field tests of cultivators in difficult soil conditions of Kirovohrad region are summarized. The technical characteristics of the AK-6 universal wide-grip cultivator were analyzed. Its operational and technological assessment was carried out at the experimental field of the National Technical University. Based on the results of the evaluation, it can be concluded that all operational and technological indicators and indicators of the quality of work of the AK-6 cultivator in the unit with the T-150K tractor meet the requirements of the Technical Specifications. It is proposed to use the attachment of the cultivator stand in the form of a double-coiled spring. The vibration mechanism of the working body’s interaction with the soil reduces energy consumption for soil deformation. To reduce energy costs, a universal working body with an S-shaped elastic riser, the stiffness of which changes with the movement of the elastic element depending on the properties of the soil and the mode of movement of the cultivator, has also been developed. Conclusions. The use of a two-coil spring mounting of the cultivator rack on heavy soils, which prevail in the Kirovohrad region, increases the quality of crushing, reduces traction resistance by 14% and prevents clogging of the working body with soil and plant remains. The universal working body, which contains an S-shaped riser with an elastic element, the stiffness of which can be changed in case of a change in the type and condition of the soil, allows to achieve an increase in the quality of soil cultivation, a reduction in energy costs by 8%. Keywords: cultivator paw stand, soil condition, agrotechnical requirements, elastic element.