Abstract
Since the codification of the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System over 25 years ago, few additional morphological traits have been defined. This work serves to expand the current suite of traits currently collected by biological anthropologists. These traits surround various issues of malocclusion and follow clinical definitions of these traits as well as incorporate observed population variation in character states. These traits include issues of spacing (i.e., diastema and crowding) as well as mandibular and maxillary occlusion (i.e., overbite, underbite). A discussion of the etiology and utility of these traits in bioarchaeological and forensic anthropological research is also given.
Highlights
Since the codification of the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System over 25 years ago, few additional morphological traits have been defined
System (ASUDAS) has been the standard in defin- While the midline diastema has been defined in the ing morphological variants of the teeth for over 25 new volumes by Scott and Irish (2017) and Edgar years (Turner et al, 1991)
Anthropological research on midline broadens the current suite of traits and defines var- maxillary diastemata has identified population, iants that may be of interest in bioarchaeological sex, and age differences in the occurrence of this and forensic studies of dental variation that sur- trait (Edgar, 2007; Horowitz, 1970; Lavelle, 1970; round issues of malocclusion: canine/midline dia- McVay and Latta, 1984; Nainar and stema, dental crowding, and maxillary and man- Gnanasundaram, 1989; Richardson et al, 1973)
Summary
System (ASUDAS) has been the standard in defin- While the midline diastema has been defined in the ing morphological variants of the teeth for over 25 new volumes by Scott and Irish (2017) and Edgar years (Turner et al, 1991). 36 traits of the dentition as well as rocker jaw, and constitutes a diastema, they do not offer grades of mandibular and palatine tori. This original work is expression, nor do they incorporate a canine diabased on a rich literature defining morphological stema. Since its publication, there have only midline or on either side of the mandibular or maxbeen a handful of additional traits defined, includ- illary canine.
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