Abstract
In recent years, wireless sensor networks have been used in a wide range of applications such as smart cities, military, and environmental monitoring. Target tracking is one of the most interesting applications in this area of research, which mainly consists of detecting the targets that move in the area of interest and monitoring their motions. However, tracking a target using visual sensors is different and more difficult than that of scalar sensors due to the special characteristics of visual sensors, such as their directional limited field of view, and the nature and amount of the sensed data. In this paper, we first present the challenges of detection and target tracking in wireless visual sensor networks, then we propose a scheme that describes the basic steps of target tracking in these networks, we focus then on the tracking across camera nodes by presenting some metrics that can be considered when designing and evaluating this type of tracking approaches.
Highlights
The continuous evolution of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), imaging technologies, and the availability of low-cost CMOS cameras make wireless visual sensor networks (WVSNs) an important and active research area. They consist of a large number of low-power battery-operated camera nodes that are capable of collecting a large amount of image/video data from a monitored site and processing it collaboratively and transmit just the useful information to each other and to the Base Station (BS) for further analysis
Different from the 2D sensing range of scalar WSN, the camera nodes in WVSNs are characterized by a limited and directional 3D viewing volume called the Field of view (FoV) (Soro and Heinzelman, 2009)
Since target tracking applications consume a lot of power, and camera nodes in most cases run on batteries that are typically not rechargeable, power efficiency is a critical issue in WVSN
Summary
The continuous evolution of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), imaging technologies, and the availability of low-cost CMOS cameras make wireless visual sensor networks (WVSNs) an important and active research area They consist of a large number of low-power battery-operated camera nodes that are capable of collecting a large amount of image/video data from a monitored site and processing it collaboratively and transmit just the useful information to each other and to the Base Station (BS) ( called the sink) for further analysis. Relocation of the Background Object induces change in two different regions in the image, its newly acquired position that should be identified as a foreground region and its previous position While both are detected foreground by any background subtraction system based on color variation. It is important to eliminate data redundancy by using data aggregation (fusion) mechanism, to minimize the data load that has to be communicated among the cameras and to use lightweight processing algorithms (Soro and Heinzelman, 2009) while preserving energy
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