Tapered Optical Fibers – An Investigative Approach to the Helical and Liquid Crystal Types

Abstract

Optical waveguides find multifarious applications in integrated optical devices as well as various forms of communication systems. In order to get a good understanding of the optical features of waveguides, the basic requirement is to analyze the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves through the guide. In this context, the study of EM wave propagation through various types of optical fibers and waveguides has been greatly dealt with, which can be witnessed through the vast research reports by the relevant R&D community, as appeared in the literature. In this context, several forms of optical waveguides implementing different composite materials [1–6] and/or new forms of geometrical cross-sections [713] have been developed most of which are now widely recognized for their use in the fabrication of integrated optical circuits and in the laser beam technology. These include unconventional types of waveguide geometries too [3,13].