Abstract
A remarkable progress in the quest of lead‐free piezoceramics for actuator applications has been made with the development of incipient piezoceramics featured by giant strains. A drawback, however, is the high electric field required to generate this giant strain. A powerful approach to overcoming this drawback lies in relaxor/ferroelectric (FE) composites comprised such giant strain materials (matrix) and a FE or nonergodic relaxor (seed). In this study, we investigate the effect of K0.5Na0.5NbO3 content in the matrix and the volume ratio of seed to matrix using composites of 0.93Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–0.07BaTiO3 as a seed and (0.94 − x)Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–0.06BaTiO3–xK0.5Na0.5NbO3 as a matrix. The strain of all matrices, independent of their K0.5Na0.5NbO3 content, was found to be enhanced by adding a certain amount of seed. An optimum strain is achieved for the composite comprised of a matrix with x = 0.02 K0.5Na0.5NbO3 and 10% seed. By means of a differential analysis on the temperature‐dependent dielectric permittivity, it was shown that the seed phase is still present in the composites despite the naturally expected diffusion process during sintering.
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