Abstract

Plants are now recognized as metaorganisms which are composed of a host plant associated with a multitude of microbes that provide the host plant with a variety of essential functions to adapt to the local environment. Recent research showed the remarkable importance and range of microbial partners for enhancing the growth and health of plants. However, plant–microbe holobionts are influenced by many different factors, generating complex interactive systems. In this review, we summarize insights from this emerging field, highlighting the factors that contribute to the recruitment, selection, enrichment, and dynamic interactions of plant-associated microbiota. We then propose a roadmap for synthetic community application with the aim of establishing sustainable agricultural systems that use microbial communities to enhance the productivity and health of plants independently of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Considering global warming and climate change, we suggest that desert plants can serve as a suitable pool of potentially beneficial microbes to maintain plant growth under abiotic stress conditions. Finally, we propose a framework for advancing the application of microbial inoculants in agriculture.

Highlights

  • According to the United Nations Organization, the current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to increase beyond 9.8 billion by the year 2050 (United Nations, 2017)

  • Plants are recognized as metaorganisms which are composed of a host plant associated with a multitude of microbes that provide the host plant with a variety of essential functions to adapt to the local environment

  • We summarize insights from this emerging field, highlighting the factors that contribute to the recruitment, selection, enrichment and dynamic interactions of plant-associated microbiota

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Summary

Introduction

According to the United Nations Organization, the current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to increase beyond 9.8 billion by the year 2050 (United Nations, 2017). An Keywords: plant microbiome, soil microbial community, abiotic and biotic stress, plantM microbe interaction, endophytes, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), synthetic Accepted community (SynCom), desert bacteria, DARWIN21.

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