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Abstract
A table-top soft x-ray polarimetry setup has been developed at the Institute of Precision Optical Engineering for characterizing the polarization properties of mirrors designed for the lightweight asymmetry and magnetism probe project. Based on a Co/C multilayer polarizer mirror, linearly polarized soft x-rays were generated at a wavelength of 4.48 nm, which could be rotated around the beam-propagation direction by using a differentially pumped rotary feedthrough. The setup design and the alignment method are described in detail. The capabilities of this spectrometer were demonstrated through a polarization test on a twin Co/C multilayer polarizer sample, and the results agree well with the expected sine wave.
Highlights
Polarization, a fundamental property of electromagnetic radiation, is critical for exploring extreme astrophysical phenomena
In the soft x-ray energy region below 1 keV, polarimeter instruments based on multilayer mirrors have been proposed for astronomical observations, such as the polarimeter for low-energy x-ray astrophysical sources, which uses a lateral-gradient multilayer polarizer,[3] and a simple soft x-ray polarimeter design using periodic multilayer polarizers.[4]
Since the majority of the potential targets are still detectable for the lightweight asymmetry and magnetism probe (LAMP) proposal, the RRMSE less than 10% is considered as an acceptable experimental error for the polarization measurement using this polarimeter
Summary
Polarization, a fundamental property of electromagnetic radiation, is critical for exploring extreme astrophysical phenomena. The detection and analysis of x-ray polarization can help reveal the structures of active galactic nuclei, jet x-ray emission mechanisms, and so on.[1,2] In the soft x-ray energy region below 1 keV, polarimeter instruments based on multilayer mirrors have been proposed for astronomical observations, such as the polarimeter for low-energy x-ray astrophysical sources, which uses a lateral-gradient multilayer polarizer,[3] and a simple soft x-ray polarimeter design using periodic multilayer polarizers.[4]. A laboratory-based experimental setup is highly desired to characterize the polarization and reflectivity properties of mirror samples. In order to perform preliminary tests on the polarization properties of mirrors for the LAMP project, a soft x-ray polarimetry setup was designed and constructed at the Institute of Precision Optical Engineering (IPOE). The structure and performance of this setup are presented, including polarization measurement on a Co/C multilayer sample
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