Abstract
Bulsu-san (BSS) has been commonly used in oriental medicine for pregnant women in East Asia. The purpose of this research was to elucidate the effect of BSS on ease of parturition using a systems-level in silico analytic approach. Research results show that BSS is highly connected to the parturition related pathways, biological processes, and organs. There were numerous interactions between most compounds of BSS and multiple target genes, and this was confirmed using herb-compound-target network, target-pathway network, and gene ontology analysis. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of relevant target genes of BSS was elevated significantly in related organ tissues, such as those of the uterus, placenta, fetus, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland. This study used a network analytical approach to demonstrate that Bulsu-san (BSS) is closely related to the parturition related pathways, biological processes, and organs. It is meaningful that this systems-level network analysis result strengthens the basis of clinical applications of BSS on ease of parturition.
Highlights
The name of Bulsu-san (BSS) originated from its therapeutic effects that help to promote easy labor as if being touched by merciful Buddha’s hand [1]
BSS is composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, DG) and Cnidium officinale Makino (Cheongung, CG), which is one of the most commonly used herb pairs in Traditional Medicine of East Asia and the usual component ratio is 2 : 3 (CG : DG) or 1 : 1 [2]
We applied parameters related to absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), namely, human druglikeness (DL) [12], oral bioavailability (OB) [13], and Caco2 permeability (Caco-2) to screen the Potential active compounds in BSS [14]
Summary
The name of Bulsu-san (BSS) originated from its therapeutic effects that help to promote easy labor as if being touched by merciful Buddha’s hand [1]. BSS is widely used in women’s medicine in East Asia; its recognized therapeutic effects are as follows: removal of impure blood, blood making, easy parturition, acceleration of labor, elimination of dead fetus or placenta, amelioration of pain, nourishing blood, and promoting blood circulation [3]. The CG-DG herb pair showed significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation and protein synthesis of vascular smooth muscle cells [6]. It was suggested BSS could affect the activities of Akt kinase and eNOS by increasing intracellular Ca2+ and reducing ROS levels [7] and regulate menstruation and provide relief from pain by enabling the management of uterine smooth muscle contractions [8]. BSS has therapeutic effects on various pathological symptoms in pregnant or childbearing aged women, this research focused on the molecular mechanisms and impact of BSS on easing parturition and the acceleration of labor
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