Abstract
This paper focuses on the highly demanding issue of managing residents’ attitudes towards tourism development in urban tourism destinations. The objective of this study was to find efficient solutions in how to manage residents’ attitudes systematically to reduce residents’ irritation in urban destinations, which are considered as complex systems. Therefore, the systems approach methods such as system dynamics and simulation modelling were used. The presented system dynamic model represents the main theoretical contribution of this paper and fills a gap in the current theory of using systems approach to manage residents’ attitudes and reduce residents’ irritation. The model enables wide range of simulations and can be applied in practice in urban destinations with high tourism intensity to find suitable solutions for a particular destination. The case of Český Krumlov Town, the Czech Republic, show that regulating the number of visitors helps to reduce the overall irritation of residents, especially in peak times when overcrowding occurs, but this alone may not be sufficient to keep residents’ irritation lower in the long-term. Therefore, it is necessary to use a more advanced approach by combining visitor management with benefits for residents.
Highlights
Sustainable tourism development has become a subject of interest to international, national, regional, and local governments which usually create a specific tourism policy to influence tourism development by particular management and marketing instruments
The System Dynamic Model as a Tool in Reducing Irritation The system is defined by variables in the form of Causal Loops Diagram (CLD) which include several variables: Irritation of Residents; Tourism Intensity; Natural and Cultural Tourism Potentials; Demand; Price level; Tourists Satisfaction; Economic Impacts; Public infrastructure capacity; Reinvestments; Available activities; and others
Our research extends the current knowledge to the use of system dynamics modelling for a sustainable tourism development in a destination
Summary
Sustainable tourism development has become a subject of interest to international, national, regional, and local governments which usually create a specific tourism policy to influence tourism development by particular management and marketing instruments. High number of tourism arrivals impose a significant pressure on destination environment and may negatively influence quality of resident’s life (Dioko, 2017; Kuvan & Akan, 2012; Srivastava, 2017). As tourism is a complex social phenomenon having significant impacts on economic, social, cultural, and physical environment of tourism destinations, the concept of tourism carrying capacity has been widely discussed. We can find many definitions of tourism carrying capacity in the literature We can find many definitions of tourism carrying capacity in the literature (Kayat & Radzi, 2012; McCool & Lime, 2001; R. Sharma, 2016; Srivastava, 2017)
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