Abstract
Emissions of different types of airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated either with occupational contamination that affect both, workers directly exposed to the distinct PM sources such as incineration of solid residues of health services, coal mining and also coal burning derived from an electric-power plant, as well as the population living in the vicinity of such emissions. Such contamination leads to endogenous overgeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different cells and tissues and therefore to a systemic oxidative stress (OS). Enzymatic and non-enzymatic OS biomarkers were measured in the blood of workers directly and indirectly (near the emissions) exposed and also in subjects indirectly exposed living in the vicinities of these PM emissions, before and after a six months antioxidant intervention of a daily oral supplementation of vitamins C (500 mg) and E (400 mg). Compared to baseline values, the antioxidant intervention after 6 months was able to confer a consistent and protective effect against the systemic OS irrespective of the PM source of the airborne contaminants. The results clearly indicate that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins could be recommended in order to attenuate the deleterious consequences of a systemic OS associated with such PM emissions.
Highlights
We have conducted several studies on occupational contamination using the same experimental design and protocol, measuring the same oxidative stress (OS) markers in both workers directly or indirectly exposed, as well as in subjects living near the different particulate matter (PM) emission sources: coal mining [1], incineration of solid residues of health services (SRHS) [2], and coal combustion by an electric power plant [3]
We have demonstrated that a six month period of a combined daily antioxidant intervention with vitamins E and C (800 mg and 500 mg, respectively) was able to significantly attenuate such systemic OS associated with each type of airborne contamination [4], through a general improvement of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses present in the blood of all the exposed subjects and decreasing markers of oxidative damage
The Brazilian mineral coal is predominantly distributed in four southern states, including the southern state of Santa Catarina, where the city of Lauro Müller is localized, which economy is based in coal extraction
Summary
We have conducted several studies on occupational contamination using the same experimental design and protocol, measuring the same OS markers in both workers directly or indirectly exposed, as well as in subjects (residents) living near the different PM emission sources: coal mining [1], incineration of solid residues of health services (SRHS) [2], and coal combustion by an electric power plant [3]. The third part: 3.3 Incineration of solid residues of health services (SRHS): systemic OS before and after an antioxidant intervention All these studies were conducted in southern Brazil, involving workers directly or indirectly exposed as well the population living (indirectly exposed) in the vicinity of the source of these airborne contaminants that were compared to blood donors living in the city of Florianópolis, ca. All these studies were conducted in southern Brazil, involving workers directly or indirectly exposed as well the population living (indirectly exposed) in the vicinity of the source of these airborne contaminants that were compared to blood donors living in the city of Florianópolis, ca. 150 km away from the PM emissions
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