Systematic Review of t he Study of Flood Risks u sing Remote Sensing

Abstract

Floods are one of the most devastating natural disasters that cause various losses by having an excess of rainfall in a short period of time, they cause a high flow in rivers, subsequently damaging crops and infrastructure. They also cause sedimentation of reservoirs and therefore limit the ability of existing dams to control floods. In other words, the purpose of assessing the risk of a flood is to identify the areas of a plan that are at risk of flooding based on the factors that are relevant to the risks of flooding. Therefore, it is important to create a flood map that is easy to read and quickly accessible. Maps provide a stronger and more direct impression of the spatial distribution of flood risk, like diagrams and verbal descriptions. On the other hand, the repeated taking of satellite images in periods of time of a few days makes it possible to know the evolution of the floods, helping the authorities to access the affected population, as well as to define safety areas. The current work aims to systematically evaluate the study of flood risk through remote sensing. A qualitative analysis was carried out through which 80 articles indexed between 2017 and 2021 were reviewed, distributed as follows: 49 articles are from Scopus, 10 from Ebsco and 21 from ScienceDirect; It is concluded that geographic information system together with remote sensing technology are the key tools for flood monitoring, as it is a very cost-effective way to reliably deliver the required data over a large area, as well as record data under extreme conditions to overcome the limitations of ground stations