Abstract
Background: There is a large body of literature on research in virtual machine for high-level languages, i.e., high-level language virtual machines (HLL VMs). Despite being a well-established research area, there are no studies focusing on characterizing the sorts of research that have been conducted and shedding light on most investigated subjects as well as subjects requiring further research.Objectives: To conduct a systematic mapping study of the literature describing research into HLL VM. Research method: We undertook a systematic mapping study of the literature based upon searching of major electronic databases.Results: 128 papers have been selected and classified by their contribution, employed HLL VM implementation, type and date of publication.Conclusions: The majority of the selected studies concentrate on improvements for boosting performance, introducing better garbage collection capabilities, and adapting HLL VMs or their core components to meet the requirements for embedded platforms. Furthermore, from examining the selected studies we have found that Java virtual machine (JVM) implementations are by far the most employed within academic settings. Among them, Jikes Research Virtual Machine is the most-widely used.
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